逍遥游【译文】

miq***

北方的海里有一条大鱼，名字叫鲲。鲲非常巨大，不知道有几千里长；变化为鸟，名字叫鹏。鹏的脊背，不知道有几千里长；当它振动翅膀奋起直飞的时候，翅膀就好像挂在天边的云彩。这只鸟，大风吹动海水的时候就要迁徙到南方的大海去了。南方的大海，那就是‘天池’。《齐谐》是一部专门记载怪异事情的书，这本书上记载说：“鹏鸟迁徙时，翅膀拍击水面激起三千里的波涛，鹏鸟奋起而飞，旋转扶摇而上直冲九万里高空，乘着六月的大风离开了北海。”像野马奔腾一样的游气，飘飘扬扬的尘埃，仿佛是由生物气息吹拂。我们所见湛蓝的天空，那是它真正的颜色吗？它是无边无际的吗？鹏鸟所见，大概也是这个样子吧。水汇积不深，它浮载大船就没有力量。倒杯水在庭堂的低洼处，可以用芥草作船，而搁个杯子当船就会粘住不动了，因为水太浅而船太大了。风聚积的力量不雄厚，它便无法托负巨大的翅膀。所以，鹏鸟飞到九万里高空，风就在它的身下，然后方能凭借风力飞行，背负着青天，毫无阻挡，这样就能飞到南方了。寒蝉与小灰雀对此觉得很奇怪，它说：“我猛地起飞，力图到达榆树和檀树的树枝，有时飞不到，也就落在地上而已，为什么要到九万里的高空再而向南飞呢？”到近郊去的人，晚餐前就可以返回，肚子还没饿，不需要干粮；到百里之外去，晚上就要准备第二天的干粮；到千里之外去，就需要三个月的时间来准备粮食。寒蝉和灰雀这两个小东西当然不懂得这些道理，小智慧不如大智慧，寿命短的理解不了寿命长的。为什么这样说呢？朝菌不知道有月初月末，寒蝉不知道有春天和秋天，这是活的短的。楚国的南方有一颗叫冥灵的大树，五百年为春，五百年为秋；上古有一种叫大椿的树，八千年为春，八千年为秋，这就是长寿。八百岁的彭祖是一直以来所传闻的寿星，人们若是和他比寿命，岂不可悲吗？商汤和棘也有过前面所讲的谈话。在那草木不生的北方，有一个很深的大海，那就是‘天池’。那里有一种鱼，宽有好几千里，没有人知道它有多长，名字叫鲲。有一只鸟，名字叫鹏，它的脊背像座大山，那展开的双翅就像云垂天边。借着旋风盘旋而上九万里，超越云层，背负青天，然后向南飞翔，去往南方的大海。小泽里的麻雀讥笑鹏说：“它打算飞到哪儿去？我奋力起飞，不过几丈高就落下来，盘旋于蓬蒿丛中，这也是我飞翔的极限了。它打算飞到哪儿去？”这是大和小的分别。同样地，那些才智胜任一个官职、能力在一乡中优秀出众、德行能投合一个君王的心意的，能力能够取得全国信任的，他们看待自己时，其实也像斥鴳的见识，所以宋荣子就讥笑他们。宋荣子是那种世上的人们都赞誉他也不会让他感到鼓舞，世上所有的人都诽谤他，他也并不因此就感到沮丧，清楚地知道该做什么，不该做什么，辨明荣辱的界限，至此而已。他在世间，没有追求什么。虽然这样，他还是有未达到的境界。列子能驾风行走，轻盈美好，十五天后方才回到地面上，他对于招福的事，没有拼命追求。但他虽然可免于行走的劳苦，却还是要有所依赖。人如果能够遵循自然的本性，把握“六气”即阴、阳、风、雨、晦、明等宇宙万物的规律变化，遨游于无穷无尽的境域，他还要凭借什么呢？因此说：道德修养最高的人能顺应客观，忘掉自己，修养达到神化不测境界的人无意于求功，有道德学问的圣人无意于求名。

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ChatGPT***

The Traveling Song

In the northern sea there is a giant fish called Kun, thousands of miles long; it can transform into a bird named Peng with a wingspan of thousands of miles. When it spreads its wings and takes off, it appears as if the clouds are hanging in the sky. When strong winds blow over the sea, the Peng must migrate to the southern sea, which is called "Tianchi." According to "Qi Xie," a book that records oddities, when the Peng migrates, its flapping wings create waves that are three thousand miles in diameter. The Peng then rises up, spirals and soars upward, reaching ninety thousand miles into the sky, and uses the winds of June to fly to the south. It seems like the wild air and floating dust is blown by a vital energy. Is the blue sky we see really the true color of the sky? Is it infinite in its expanse? Perhaps the way the Peng sees it is no different from our own.

If the water is not deep enough, it cannot support a ship, and if you pour a cup of water into a low-lying courtyard, even a boat made of straw would stick to the vessel because the water is too shallow for a large ship. If the force of the wind is not strong enough, it cannot carry a huge wing. Therefore, the Peng bird has to fly ninety thousand miles into the sky to find a wind strong enough to lift its massive wings. This is how it can fly to the south without being impeded by any obstacles.

The cicada and the small sparrow find this very strange and ask, "Why fly nine thousand miles high in the sky to fly south when we can only fly a few yards and drop to the ground when trying to reach the branches of elm and sandalwood trees?" People who go to the suburbs can return before dinner without feeling hungry and don't need provisions. Those who go a hundred miles away have to prepare provisions for the night, and those who go a thousand miles away need three months to prepare food. The cicada and the sparrow cannot understand these principles because their life spans are shorter than those of the Peng bird. Lesser wisdom cannot comprehend greater wisdom, nor can shorter life expectancies understand long life. This is why Chu and Ji had their conversation.

In the barren north, there is a vast sea called Tianchi. There is a fish there called Kun, thousands of miles wide, and no one knows how long it is. There is a bird named Peng with a back like a giant mountain and wings that stretch out like clouds hanging in the sky. It rises up ninety thousand miles in a whirlwind and flies south, soaring above the clouds carrying the blue sky on its back. The little sparrows of Xiaoze laughed at the Peng and said, "Where does it plan to fly to? I can fly a few yards and then spiral down among the weeds. That's my limit. Where does it plan to fly?" This is the difference between greatness and smallness. Similarly, those who have the wit and ability to hold an official position, excel in their villages, have good morals that can win over a king's heart, and can gain the trust of the entire nation when they see themselves as the eyes of the eagle. This is why Song Rongzi ridiculed them.

Song Rongzi was someone whom everyone praised but who remained unflattered. Even if the whole world praised him, he would not feel encouraged, and even if everyone slandered him, he would not be discouraged. He knew clearly what to do and what not to do, and understood the boundaries between honor and disgrace. He had no ambition in life. However, there were still levels of attainment he had not yet achieved. Liezi could walk on wind and was light and beautiful, but did not desperately seek good fortune. If people can follow their natural inclinations, understand the changes in the universe's six qi (yin, yang, wind, rain, darkness, and light), and roam infinite boundaries, what else would they need to rely on? Therefore, it is said that those with the highest moral cultivation can adapt to objective reality, forget themselves, and attain an unpredictable divine state, while those with moral knowledge have no desire for fame.