赤壁赋【译文】

miqiao

        壬戌年秋，七月十六日，苏轼与友人在赤壁下泛舟游玩。清风阵阵拂来，水面波澜不起。举起酒杯向同伴敬酒，吟诵着与明月有关的文章，歌颂窈窕这一章。不一会儿，明月从东山后升起，徘徊在斗宿与牛宿之间。白茫茫的雾气横贯江面，清泠泠的水光连着天际。任凭小船儿在茫无边际的江上飘荡，越过苍茫万顷的江面。就如同凭空乘风，却不知道在哪里停止，飘飘然如遗弃尘世，超然独立，成为神仙，进入仙境。这时候喝酒喝得高兴起来，用手叩击着船舷，歌中唱到：“桂木船棹啊香兰船桨，迎击空明的粼波，我的心怀悠远，想望伊人在天涯那方。有会吹洞箫的客人，按着节奏为歌声伴和，洞箫“呜呜”作声，有如哀怨有如思慕，像是哭泣，又像是倾诉，尾声凄切、婉转、悠长，如同不断的细丝。能使深谷中的蛟龙为之起舞，能使孤舟上的寡妇听了落泪。苏轼的容色忧愁凄怆，（他）整好衣襟坐端正向客人问道：“箫声为什么这样哀怨呢？”客人回答：“月明星稀，乌鹊南飞这不是曹公孟德的诗吗？（这里）向西可以望到夏口，向东可以望到武昌，山河接壤连绵不绝，（目力所及）一片苍翠，这不正是曹孟德被周瑜所围困的地方么？当初他攻陷荆州，夺得江陵，沿长江顺流东下，麾下的战船延绵千里，旌旗将天空全都蔽住，在江边持酒而饮，横执矛槊吟诗作赋，委实是当世的一代枭雄，而今天又在哪里呢？何况我与你在江边的水渚上捕鱼砍柴，与鱼虾作伴，与麋鹿为友，（我们）驾着这一叶小舟，举起杯盏相互敬酒。（我们）如同蜉蝣置身于广阔的天地中，像沧海中的一颗粟米那样渺小。（唉，）哀叹我们的一生只是短暂的片刻，（不由）羡慕长江没有穷尽。（我想）与仙人携手遨游各地，与明月相拥而永存世间。（我）知道这些不可能屡屡得到，托寄在悲凉的秋风中罢了。”我问道：“你可也知道这水与月？不断流逝的就像这江水，其实并没有真正逝去；时圆时缺的就像这月，但是最终并没有增加或减少。可见，从事物易变的一面看来，天地间没有一瞬间不发生变化；而从事物不变的一面看来，万物与自己的生命同样无穷无尽，又有什么可羡慕的呢!何况天地之间，凡物各有自己的归属，若不是自己应该拥有的，即令一分一毫也不能求取。只有江上的清风，以及山间的明月，送到耳边便听到声音，进入眼帘便绘出形色，取得这些不会有人禁止，享用这些也不会有竭尽的时候。这是造物者（恩赐）的没有穷尽的大宝藏，你我尽可以一起享用。客人高兴地笑了，清洗杯盏重新斟酒。菜肴和果品都被吃完，只剩下桌上的杯碟一片凌乱。（苏子与同伴）在船里互相枕着垫着睡去，不知不觉天边已经显出白色（指天明了）。

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In the autumn of the year of Renxu, on the sixteenth day of the seventh month, Su Shi and his friends were boating and playing under the Red Cliffs. The clear breeze blew softly, but the water was still. They raised their wine cups and toasted each other, reciting articles related to the bright moon, singing praises to this beautiful sight. Before long, the bright moon rose from behind the eastern mountain and wandered between Ursa Major and Taurus. The white mist hung over the river, and the clear water connected with the sky. The small boat drifted on the endless river, as if riding on the wind, not knowing where to stop, floating like a discarded worldly thing, detached and independent, becoming an immortal entering the fairyland.

At this moment, they enjoyed the wine and cheered, tapping the gunwale with their hands. The song goes, "The fragrant laurel oars of the cinnamon boat, hitting the bright glittering waves, my heart is far away, looking for the lover in the end of the world." A guest who could play the Dongxiao accompanied them with the melody, making a mournful sound like affectionate sadness and devotion, like crying and telling, with the ending sad, melodious and long, like an endless thin thread, that could make the dragons dance in the deep valley and make the widows on the lonely boat cry. Su Shi looked melancholy and asked the guest why the Dongxiao sounded so sad. The guest replied, "Isn't it a poem by Cao Gong and Meng De, about the bright moon and sparse stars, the crows flying south? You can see Xiakou to the west and Wuchang to the east, where the mountains and rivers stretch endlessly, everything is lush and green, isn't this the place where Cao Mengde was besieged by Zhou Yu? He conquered Jingzhou, captured Jiangling, sailed down the Yangtze River, and his warships spanned thousands of miles, his banner covered the sky, drinking and reciting poems with his spear in hand. He was really a hero of his time, but where is he now? And we, cutting wood and fishing on the water's edge, making friends with fish and deer, driving this small boat, raising our glasses to each other, like a mayfly in the vast world, as small as a grain of wheat in the ocean. Alas, I lament that our life is only a momentary flash, and envy that the Yangtze River is endless. I wish I could travel around with immortals and embrace the bright moon forever in this world. But I know this is impossible and can only be left in the sorrowful autumn wind."

Su Shi asked, "Do you also know about the water and moon? The constantly flowing river is like the moon that waxes and wanes, but it ultimately doesn't increase or decrease. From the perspective of things that change, there isn’t a moment in which nothing changes in the universe. However, from the perspective of things that are permanent, all things have boundless life just like ourselves, so what is there to envy? Moreover, everything in this world has its own place. If it's not what we should have, even a fraction of it can't be taken. Only the clear wind on the river and the bright moon in the mountains can be heard and seen. These are the endless treasures bestowed by the Creator, we can enjoy them together without anyone stopping us." The guest smiled happily, cleaned up the cups and poured more wine. The dishes and fruits were all eaten, and only the cups and dishes on the table were messy. Su Shi and his friends slept on the boat, resting their heads and sleeping without realizing that the horizon was already showing white (meaning dawn had broken).